Influenza viruses affect both humans and animals, although the strains differ. While human flu vaccines are seasonal, the need for canine and feline influenza vaccinations is determined by lifestyle and exposure risk. Let's clarify the facts surrounding influenza in pets.

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Canine Influenza: A Year-Round Concern:

Unlike human influenza, canine influenza (CIV) isn't seasonal. It's highly contagious, spreading rapidly among dogs in close proximity. Outbreaks occur sporadically throughout the year, often in areas with high dog density (dog parks, kennels, boarding facilities, dog shows). Two main strains circulate in the U.S.: H3N8 and H3N2.

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Symptoms of Canine Influenza:

• Cough (often persistent and harsh)
• Nasal discharge (clear, white, or yellow-green)
• Lethargy and fatigue
• Fever
• Loss of appetite
• Sneezing

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Canine Influenza Vaccination:

The canine influenza vaccine is not a seasonal vaccine; rather, it's a lifestyle vaccine. It's recommended for dogs with increased exposure risk, including those attending:

• Dog parks
• Doggy daycare
• Grooming salons
• Boarding facilities
• Dog shows
• Areas experiencing CIV outbreaks

Consult with your veterinarian to determine if the vaccine is appropriate for your dog.

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Feline Influenza (Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis & Calicivirus):

The term "cat flu" typically refers to infections caused by Feline Herpes Virus 1 (FHV-1) and Feline Calicivirus (FCV). These are highly contagious and can cause severe respiratory illness.

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Symptoms of Feline Influenza:

• Sneezing
• Nasal discharge
• Eye discharge (watery or purulent)
• Conjunctivitis (inflammation of the eye lining)
• Lethargy
• Appetite loss
• Fever
• Oral ulcers

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Feline Influenza Vaccination:

FHV-1 and FCV vaccines are crucial, especially for cats exposed to other felines (shelters, catteries, multi-cat households). Vaccination schedules vary (annual or bi-annual boosters) depending on the vaccine used and your cat’s individual needs. Discuss this with your veterinarian.

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General Protective Measures:

Regardless of vaccination status, hygiene practices are essential:

• Regular disinfection of pet areas (bowls, toys, bedding) using antimicrobial cleaners.
• Isolation of pets during local outbreaks. Remember that asymptomatic carriers can spread the virus.

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While canine and feline influenza vaccines are not universally required, their importance depends on your pet's lifestyle. Consult your veterinarian to assess your pet's individual risk and develop a tailored vaccination plan. Resources like the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine's Canine Influenza Virus Surveillance Map can provide up-to-date information on outbreaks in your area.

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